PRRS virus

  • 8 July, 2020
  • Question from Colombia

Is it possible that PRRSv causes an increase in irregular returns to estrus in sows?

PRRSv is infamous for inducing severe reproductive problems when introduced into naïve / susceptible herds. The main problems are seen in late-term gestating sows (after day 90 of gestation) when the virus crosses the placenta, infects the fetuses and replicates in various tissues, mainly in the lymphoid organs (thymus, etc).   Pathogenesis and clinical signs of PRRSv in sows The reason why PRRSv infection could not occur before this is... read more test →
Lars Erik Larsen
  • 8 May, 2020
  • Question from Australia

What mortality level is to be expected in South-East Asia, in unvaccinated herds?

With the strains of PRRSV currently circulating in South-East Asia, what mortality level is to be expected in an unvaccinated herd? Has the highly pathogenic PRRS virus epidemic burned out? Are the less virulent strains back? PRRSv diversity in South-East Asia Having more than 3,000 ORF5 gene sequencing data in my personal archive, both PRRSv-1 and PRRSv-2 are co-existing in all Thai swine herds. More than 10 herds in Vietnam,... read more test →
Dachrit Nilubol
PRRS virus & parental exposure
  • 17 February, 2020
  • Question from South Korea

Can using the same needle to vaccinate multiple sows be a cause of transmission of PRRS virus or other swine infectious diseases? How often would you recommend changing the needle?

The iatrogenic transmission by contaminated needles can indeed be a source of PRRS virus and other diseases transmission – this has been proved in several controlled experimental studies. In the field, it is difficult to estimate how often this happens because there are several other potential routes of transmission. A review from Spain from 2016 (Pileri and Mateu Vet Res, 2016) provided a very illustrative calculation of how little blood... read more test →
Lars Erik Larsen
PRRS virus Immune response development in piglets.
  • 23 December, 2019
  • Question from Portugal

Sows vaccinated every 3 months while piglets not developing PRRSV immunity: What could be causing this?

On a farrow to finish farm where sows are vaccinated every 3 months against PRRS virus and the piglets are not vaccinated, the piglet's ELISA results are these ones: 3-week-old piglets: PRRSV ELISA negative 8-week-old piglets: PRRSV ELISA positive. What could be causing the fact that 3-week-old piglets do not have PRRS virus maternal immunity? First of all we need to clarify how the passive immunity though PRRSV live vaccines... read more test →
Enric Marco
  • 26 June, 2019
  • Question from Mexico

What advantages or disadvantages would there be if we applied the PRRS MLV vaccine intranasally to 2-week-old piglets?

Unfortunately, the PRRS intranasal immunisation route does not provide advantages, but disadvantages, with respect to the intramuscular route.   PRRS intranasal vaccination: Disadvantages Long ago, based on the experiences with the vaccination against Aujeszky's disease and the good results obtained with the intranasal vaccination when the maternal immunity interference was to be overcome, the use of the same route to protect the animals against the PRRS virus was pondered over.... read more test →
Enric Marco
  • 8 May, 2019
  • Question from Ireland

Which is the best way to do the PRRS vaccination: blanket vaccination 3 times a year or weekly vaccination?

When talking about PRRS vaccination, it's always better to do a blanket vaccination 3 times a year. The reason of this is directly related to the goals we want to achieve when vaccinating against PRRS.   What's the aim of PRRS vaccination?   The objectives of every PRRS vaccination protocol are the following: to avoid PRRS virus circulation among sows. to prevent reproductive failure in sows to avoid, as a... read more test →
Enric Marco
  • 2 May, 2019
  • Question from South Korea

Does the pathogenicity of PRRS virus depend on genotype? Does only NA type PRRS MLV can offer heterologous protection against both genotypes (NA and EU)?

In general, PRRSV2 strains (formerly North American type or genotype II) are more virulent than subtype 1 PRRSV1, that is, the formerly designated as genotype I isolates circulating in Western Europe. However, PRRSV1 isolates of other subtypes (2, 3 or 4) circulating in Eastern Europe can be of increased virulence.   PRRSv virulent strains   Additionally, some subtype 1 PRRSV1 isolates circulating in Italy or Belgium have shown the features... read more test →
Enric Mateu
  • 29 April, 2019
  • Question from South Korea

One month after vaccinating sows and piglets with PRRSv MLV (VR2332 strain), is it normal and safe to detect the vaccine strain in over 20% of the serum samples?

Published controlled studies have estimated the length of viremia after PRRSv vaccination with MLV vaccines to be 29 days on average (range 10–42 days). However, PRRSv viral RNA has been detected in tonsil scrapings up to 90 days post vaccination. We recently performed a challenge study where we followed the pigs for 62 days after vaccination also with the VR2332 strain and found positive pigs up to 42-62 days after... read more test →
Lars Erik Larsen
  • 15 March, 2019
  • Question from Spain

Can we know if the replacement gilts are protected against PRRSv?

This is a very good question and the frustrating answer is: you cannot know for sure if animals are protected against PRRSv or not. There are no so called “correlates of protection” when it comes to PRRSv, so there is nothing we can measure in order to evaluate if an animal is protected. However, some diagnostic techniques do allow us to monitor the immunological status of the replacement animals against... read more test →
Andrea Ladinig
  • 31 January, 2019
  • Question from South Korea

How long boars shed the virus in semen when infected with PRRSV?

How long boars shed the virus in semen when infected with PRRSV? What is the clinical manifestation of the sows inseminated with semen from PRRS infected boars? Can we suspect PRRSV involvement when PCV2 vaccinated farms showed 20% early abortion around 25 days after artificial insemination (AI)?   Here is a detailed explanation to all the questions raised above regarding PRRSV transmission through semen and abortion rates:   Possible causes... read more test →
Young Lyoo
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