Author Archive for Enric Marco

About Enric Marco

Marcovetgrup S.L. - Spain
biosecurity sows farm
  • 19 January, 2021
  • Question from South Korea

In a PRRS stable farm, we’d like to invest to improve PRRS biosecurity. Which part is most valuable to improve first?

I always think than one of the weakest areas when considering biosecurity are loading bays. If we think in sow farms, weaners or finishers as well as culled sows must be move out routinely, but also in many farms, replacements have to be moved in. “The biggest the farm is, the more transfer of animals are necessary weekly and the higher the biosecurity risk is”   ... read more test →
Enric Marco
  • 31 August, 2020
  • Question from Italy

Can PRRSv infection cause 35% of mortality in the post-weaning period?

In the post-weaning period we observe PRRS seroconversion with a mortality of up to 35%. The piglets present symptoms consistent with circovirosis, although the histological and serological results only indicate the presence of PRRSv. The sows are PRRS stable and the piglets are negative at birth. What could be happening? Post-weaning PRRS seroconversion is not always a consequence of producing viremic piglets but rather it is often an infection that... read more test →
Enric Marco
  • 28 July, 2020
  • Question from Colombia

How should the quarantine, acclimation, and monitoring of replacement gilts be carried out on PRRS-positive farms?

Length of the quarantine: When we want to introduce negative replacements to a PRRS positive farm, the quarantine, or acclimation rather, must be long. "Long" meaning a period of not less than 2 months, because during this period our intention is to infect the new arrivals, giving them time to recover from the infection and lose their status as virus shedders before introducing them into the farm and starting to... read more test →
Enric Marco
PPRS virus: Protocol epidemiological surveillance EN
  • 22 July, 2020
  • Question from Peru

What is the protocol for epidemiological surveillance of PRRS?

Monitoring programs will differ depending on whether they are to be applied to a farm, an area, or a country, but I understand that in this case we are referring to a farm. The program will vary depending on the type of farm and its disease status. In the case of the PRRS, five possible statuses have been described:     What sample and technique should we use to check... read more test →
Enric Marco
PRRS virus Immune response development in piglets.
  • 23 December, 2019
  • Question from Portugal

Sows vaccinated every 3 months while piglets not developing PRRSV immunity: What could be causing this?

On a farrow to finish farm where sows are vaccinated every 3 months against PRRS virus and the piglets are not vaccinated, the piglet's ELISA results are these ones: 3-week-old piglets: PRRSV ELISA negative 8-week-old piglets: PRRSV ELISA positive. What could be causing the fact that 3-week-old piglets do not have PRRS virus maternal immunity? First of all we need to clarify how the passive immunity though PRRSV live vaccines... read more test →
Enric Marco
  • 26 November, 2019
  • Question from Mexico

Can modified live PRRS vaccines be administered to pre-farrowing sows in order to pass the antibodies on to their piglets?

Attenuated PRRS vaccines (Modified Live Vaccines) are not designed to pass immunity to the piglets, although they will.   How do naïve animals response to PRRS vaccines? PRRS live attenuated vaccines do not produce high levels of circulating antibodies (IgG), which we want to find present in the colostrum (humoral immunity). In PRRS-negative animals the PRRS vaccines produce a weak serological reaction, although it allows cellular immunity development sufficient to... read more test →
Enric Marco
  • 19 September, 2019
  • Question from Mexico

What do you think about inoculation with live virus from the same farm to acclimatize the replacement gilts for PRRS control?

The inoculation of PRRS live virus from the farm as a method to acclimatise the gilts has been used extensively with positive results provided that: It can be done on isolation as not to disturb the stability of the farm. It can be done early enough to have at least some 6 weeks so the PRRS infection produced has the time to cool down. But keep in mind that it... read more test →
Enric Marco
  • 26 June, 2019
  • Question from Mexico

What advantages or disadvantages would there be if we applied the PRRS MLV vaccine intranasally to 2-week-old piglets?

Unfortunately, the PRRS intranasal immunisation route does not provide advantages, but disadvantages, with respect to the intramuscular route.   PRRS intranasal vaccination: Disadvantages Long ago, based on the experiences with the vaccination against Aujeszky's disease and the good results obtained with the intranasal vaccination when the maternal immunity interference was to be overcome, the use of the same route to protect the animals against the PRRS virus was pondered over.... read more test →
Enric Marco
  • 8 May, 2019
  • Question from Ireland

Which is the best way to do the PRRS vaccination: blanket vaccination 3 times a year or weekly vaccination?

When talking about PRRS vaccination, it's always better to do a blanket vaccination 3 times a year. The reason of this is directly related to the goals we want to achieve when vaccinating against PRRS.   What's the aim of PRRS vaccination?   The objectives of every PRRS vaccination protocol are the following: to avoid PRRS virus circulation among sows. to prevent reproductive failure in sows to avoid, as a... read more test →
Enric Marco
  • 27 March, 2019
  • Question from South Korea

During changing season, great temperature difference between day and night can make PRRS virus situation worse? How can environmental stress be minimized during the changing season?

As many other infectious agents, PRRS virus will benefit when stressors are affecting the pigs as their immune capacity will be reduced, thus helping the virus to infect.   PRRS virus and environmental factors   Some published work describes the most severe increase in nursery mortality rate occurs in winter months confirming also the interaction between PRRS virus and environmental factors (Stevenson et al., 1993). Low room temperature Increased thermal... read more test →
Enric Marco
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Basic Personal Data Protection information:
Controller: LABORATORIOS HIPRA, S.A.
Purposes: Managing the contractual and/or business relationship with HIPRA, including sending news, promotions and invitations to events sponsored by HIPRA.
Lawful basis: Performance of the contractual relationship and HIPRA's legitimate Interest.Recipients: Third parties to which HIPRA has entrusted cloud computing, security, auditing, mailing, technical and computer support services, as well as companies in its group.
Rights: Request access to and rectification or erasure of personal data and other rights as explained in the additional information. You can seeview the detailed additional information about data protection in our Privacy Policy.

For further information, please check our detailed information on Data Protection.

I have read and agree to the Privacy Policy and Basic information on Data Protection.
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